The innovation engine for new materials

Cassandra Maddux

Major: 

Biochemistry

University: 

California State University Dominguez Hills

Mentor(s): 

Edward Toumayan

Faculty Sponsor(s): 

Craig Hawker

Faculty Sponsor's Department(s): 

Materials

Project Title: 

Characterizing the Anti-fouling Ability of Thermally Responsive Polymers

Project Description: 

Filtration membranes are plagued by fouling, ultimately causing degradation, and thus function, of the surface over time. Consequently, the development of foulant resistant materials for membranes is in high demand. Polymer films and coatings are commonly used antifouling agents that have a range of chemical properties. Thermally-responsive polymers are an important class of materials that can be used for more effective foulant release applications. These polymer brushes undergo a conformation change from an extended to collapsed state by changing the temperature from below to above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).  Poly(ethylene oxide) [PEO] is a well-documented anti-foulant, however its high LCST (100ºC) is prohibitive for certain applications. Therefore, diisopropyl ethanolamine glycidyl ether was co-polymerized with ethylene oxide in order to lower the LCST value. Thus we characterized the fouling release response of PEO, and poly(ethylene oxide-co-diisopropyl ethanolamine glycidyl ether) [P(EO-co-DEGE)] polymers under different pH conditions and temperatures. Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation, the mass change on polymer-coated sensors was monitored during different fouling conditions. Additional characterization was conducted using fluorescent microscopy; the amount of fouling was estimated by measuring fluorescence intensity before and after inducing a conformation change. The data collected showed that P(EO-co-DEGE) has a significantly larger foulant release than PEO, an effective 25% foulant release. The ability of P(EO-co-DEGE) to undergo this conformational change has proven to be efficient in foulant release and with further experimentation this polymer can be optimized to increase fouling resistance.